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Numerous Engravings.... 12^ cts. 




Mexican Treacheries and Cruelties. 






:n the 



M WITH "^ 

i Accounts of Hardships endured; Treacheries of the Mexi- I 



cans ; Battles Fought, and Success of Aiucrican Arms 




Also, an Account of Valiant Soldiers Fallen, 

AND THE PARTICULA.IS -OF THE 

Death and Funeral Services in honor of U 
Oapt. George Lincoln, of Worcester, m 



E BY A VOLUNTEER RETURNED FROM TJIE WAR. 



^ 



BOSTON AND NEW YORK: 

1.8 4 7, 



C^ Entered according to Act of Congress, in the year 18^7; by Lieut. G. N. Alle:<. 




W&y' 



Dealers supplied at HALL'S, 66 Cornhill, Boston.' 




£.4/5" 



^ iZ^^ 




Troops embarking for the War. 



Mexican Owtragcs upon Americans. 

Frequent accounts have been published in the newspapers, of out- 
raffes committed against the persons and property of citizens ot the 
United States by Mexican officers acting under the Mexican govern^ 
ment, for the purpose of disabusing.the minds of such of our people as 
imagine the Mexicans to be a wronged and injured people, borne ol 
these outrages appear to have opened the eyes of such persons, and in- 
duced them^o think that this faithless and cowardly nation have been 
punished no more than they deserve. 

^ We have read many of these outrages, and we have been horro 
struck at the details of suffering which they present. No matter what 
party was in the ascendant, the officers of the Mexican Governmenl 
hesiiated not a moment in inflicting wrong and injury on our citizens 
whenever it suited their purpose to do so. It is ^f.^^^^'^l'^''^';'^^^^ 
such outrages have occurred, but >" h""^^^'^^ °^. '"f "^^^^; ^1^^^^ 
think no government but our own would have remained so long without 
adopting the most stringent and summary means to obtain redress^ 1^ 
fact, European governments would have demanded reparation on the 
pot and auhe time, and it would have been better if our governn.ent 
had taken a similar course; for by doing so, the outrages would not 
have reached so large a number as they have. - 

The following case of outrage, resulting in the death of one of our 
most valuable citizens, occurred in the summer ol Ib^ :— 

At that time a Revolution had broken out between Santa Anna and 
the government, and the state government of Tobasco had prononuced 
in favor of Santa Anna. In order to suppress J^e Revolut on, Busta. 
mente. the President, sent a fleet, consisting of the armed ^chooner 
Vera Cruzana, and other vessels, with a military foJ^'^ ♦- i^^^tera. 



Mexican Outrages vpon Americans, (confiiiucd.) 

where it arrived on the 29th of June. For the purpose of resisting the 
contemplated attack on Tol^asco by this fleet, tl^e S.nta Anna Lnl 
took forcible possession of the steamer Bellona, owned by citizeusc f 
the United States, and converted her into a vessel of war, and com- 
pelled her crew to navigate her, by tlireats of death in case of refusal 
While the Bellona was professedly proceeding to attack the fleet of 
Bustamente, the bng John, of New York, Capt. Hughes, was seen 
warping up the Lsumcenia river, near its junction with the Tobasco 
river ; and the- Mexican officers on board the steamer ordered her to 
proceed to the brig, and directed their soldiers to board her Or the 
purpose ol practising them in that species of naval tactics. aVsoou 
as the steamer got alongside of the brig, the soldiers boarded her in 
man-of-war fashion, and in a moment her deck was crowded with 
Mexican soldiers, who seized the unarmed Capt. Huahes beat and 
bru,sed him ,n a brutal manner-one of then! goina so' far a^ o 
attack h.m with hi^s bayonet; and concluded by breakino- open the 
cap am s trunk and robbing it and the vessel of the valuable, they 
contained. As soon as the brig was ransacked, these ruffian^ cffi.trs 
and men dragged Capt. Hughes on board the steamer; Inn niter a 
few days detention, during which his life was many times thr^ateno^ 
he and a Mr.Gahagan, one of the crew, made their escape to IVo-.tert' 
a distance of about twenty miles. On the 23d of July, a battle was 
fought between the opposing forces, in which the Santa Anna party 
obtained a victory, and succeeded in capturing the whole of the aov- 
ernment army and fleet. Frontera fell into%heir hands, and C^m 
Hugties, Mr. Gahagan, and another American citizen, Cant Philo b' 
Johnston, were again made prisoners, and taken to Tobasco, where 
they were confined in the common jail till the 20th of August when' 
at the demand of Lieut. Boenim, of the U. S. schooner Shark they' 
l^m "f^M^- The i^njuries which Capt. Hughes sustained from he 
ruffianly Mexican soldiers affected his brain? and superinduced sick! 
ness of which he died on his passage home on board ihe Shark. 
.Hn.;. T/- """/''" ^gg'-ession, as all who read the account of it will 

we put «t to the friends of the Mexicans, and to the editors of the 
^urnals which take their part, and insist on terming them a roLed 

?or wT' ?''P''* '"^''^'' '"^'^ ""^"^^^ ^'^"« ^--"^ "«t ^"fficient cause 
lor war , and yet our government is charged with designing/ to wroncr 

BrLrrFr'r-, '""'r'"^- "''"^"'' ^^^ g-ernnlnts';rGrea1 
lintain or trance have done, m case a similar outrage were committed 

sTc uHtftr? "' :?""• 7.'^^ "^"''^ ''■''•' ^^'"-^'^ reparation and 

w2/-.".''''"'^"^' ''"""•■' ^"^ >" case of refusal, would 
have obtained it at the cannon's mouth. 

-iJit^^jT r""' -^^''•'^^"^ • ^"^ the cringing and crying abettors of the 
Mexicans, have not a single tear to shed for our own citizens. 

NiKlI"^ ''^'''■! ""^ ^f- ^«"'Ph='n's regiment state that throughout 
New Mexico unrestrained concubinage is a recognized feature of the 
Bocial system, and that the obligationsof wedlock are utterly unknown 



IRexicaii Barbarity isa t^trcppisus ^he Ainericanf 
left <Iea«l 021 the ISattlc Field. 




An American officer at the Battle of Buena Vista, [pronounced Warn 
Esta 1 writes as follows :— The first view that we caught of the Mexi- 
cans was, when they had turned the left flank of our forces, and were 
pursuincr the Flying Infantry and Horsemen. Column after column 
succeeded, until they formed a dense mass, numbermg somethmg like 
twelve thousand men. No words can express to you even a faint idea 
of their appearance. Their arms, brilliantly burnished, reflected a 
million times the dazzling rays of the sun— their rich and gaudy uni- 
forms stood out in bold relief against the soiled and tattered garments 
of our suffering Volunteers. Their Cavalry [Lancers] drawn up in 
benutif.1I style, in numbers from two to three thousand, and in lines 
the beauty of which the most accurate military observer could have 
found no "fault with ; and, added to this, that they were, for the time, 
victor'^ I assure you we did not look upon them with contempt. But 
when the o.iick ringing of our rifles sounded the death-kneli of score 
after score of ihcnn; three hearty Mississippi cheers told full well that 
no cowardly fear paralyzed that little baud. Rushiiig on, our small 
force would have scattered the retreating foe in all directions over the 
death-?trewn field, had not our watchful leader, Col. Davis, perceived 
that we were about to be surrounded by an overpowering force, and 
ordered us to retire and rally. ,r j / u 

Here an aniusiurr circumstance took place. Major Bradford, (who 
is probably the ino.st impef.io.islv brave officer that ever drew a sword,) 
perceived us retiring, and thought we were defeated. He dis:r,(>unted 



Mexican Barharity, (continued.) 

from his horse and followed on slowly after us, exclaiming — *' Shooft 
me ! shoot me ! " Some one called out — 

" What the devil's the matter. Major ? " 

" Ah, kill me ! The Mississippi Regiment has run, and I don't 
want to live another minute ! " 

But the gallant Major was quickly undeceived, for we soon re-forfned, 
and although oar ranks were terribly thinned by the killed and wound- 
ed, yet again was heard the deep voice of tlie noble Davis, " Forisard! 
Guide centre! March!" The command was repeated by fifty voices, 
and with more steadiness and precision than the careless fellows were 
ever known to evince on a drill, they returned to the bloody contest. 

At one time during the night, we returned over the ground on which 
was made our first charge. We there saw the mangled bodies of our 
fallen comrades, and although animated by the excitement of the fierce 
contest that was just then to be renewed, yet I think there was not a 
heart among us which did not for a moment cease to beat on beholding 
that horrible scene. But for his straw hat, and a few otlier articles of 
clothing which the ruffians had left on him, I should have failed to re- 
cognize the body of young Eggleston. He was shot, stabbed, and 
otherwise abused. This was, indeed, the fate of all whom I saw. 
Lieut. Moore, and a man named Couch, of our company, were tbeonly 
persons whose bodies I easily recognized. 

After the battle, I rode over the whole field. Parties were engaged 
in burying the dead — but there were still hundreds of bodies lying stiff" 
and cold, with no covering save the scanty remnant of clothing which, 
the robbers of the dead found too valueless to take from them. I saw 
the human body pierced in every place. I saw expressed in the faces 
of the dead almost every passion and feeling. Some seemed to have 
died execrating their enemies, and cursing them with their lasJ 
breath — others had the most placid and resigned expression and feel- 
ing. Some seemed to have died defending their lives bravely to the 
last, while others evidently used their last words in supplicating for 
mercy. Here lay youth and mature age calmly reposing in untimely 
death. 

Passing on from this part of the bloody ground, I went over to the 
plain literally covered with the dead bodiesof those who had so recent- 
ly been our foes. This scene was horrible enough, God knows — bu£ 
was divested of some of its horrors by the fact that not one of the Mex- 
ican soldiers was either robbed or stripped of his clothing, nor was 
there the least appearance of the bodies having been abused after being 
wounded. This, indeed, speaks much for the " barbarous volunteers 
of the United States of the North," as, the Mexi<;ans style us. 

Among the hundreds of dead whom I saw there, I was much touched 
by the appearance of the corpse of a Mexican boy, whoge age I should 
think could not have exceeded 15 years. A bullet had struck him ful! 
through the breast, and must have occasioned almost instant death. He 
was lying on his back, his face slightly inclined to one side, and, 
although cold, yet beaming with a bright and sunny smile, which clo- 
«^uei»tly told the spectator that he had fallen with hi5 face to the foe. 



Death of ITIajor Ring^oW. 




This distinguished officer was killed at the battle of Palo Alto. After 
several hours' "hard fighting, his ammunition becoming nearly exhaust- 
ed, he rode a little to the rear of his men, for the purpose of giving 
orders for a new supply. At this time the sun had nearly descended, 
and the enemy had concentrated their energies at one point, aad were 
mailing a most vigorous effort to silence the terrible eighteen-pounders 
and Ringgold's batteries. Col. Payne hearing his name beseechmg y 
called by one of the soldiers, looked behind, and saw Major Rmggold 
stretched upon the ground, his favorite steed plunging and writhing a 
^hoTt distance from him. A six-pound shot had struck his right thigh, 
and passing through the holsters and upper part of the shoulders of his 
horse, cut Uirough his left thigh, in the same line m which the ball 
first struck him, exposing, but not breaking the bones. He had receiv- 
ed his death-wound, but so perfectly calm was lie, that his face had not 
even lost its natural color ; and, as his brother soldiers crowded about 
kirn, he waved them away, saying, they had work to do, and that they 
must go ahead ; he then removed, with his right hand, the chain from 
his neck to which was attached his watch, and handing it to Col. Payne 
said '' Give that to my sister ;" and after taking out his purse, and 
making the sam-e request, he calmly awaited his de«th, which soon 
look place. . 

A V«tefan of I¥apoleo!i's W^ai^. 

A soldier, writing soon after the battle of Palo Alto, says :--As our 
battalion of artillery advanced, it came up to a private of the !< ifth 
Regiment, a veteran in Napoleon's wars, who lay on the battle field 
with both of his legs shot off. He was one of the first that fell after tke 
cannonade commenced ; and after having escaped in the terrible con- 
flicts of Wagram and Austerlitz, in the retreat from Moscow, and the 
battle of Waterloo, he lived to fall at Palo Alto, by a cannon shot from 
a Mexican batterv. As his fellow soldiers passed him, and noticed the 
blood flowing from his wounds with every pulsation of his heart they 
stopped for an histajit to sympathize with him, but the brave fellow 
as his eyes were glazing iw death, waved them on, as with his last breaUi 
he said, " Go, comrades, I have only got what a soldier enlists for. 



Horrid Butchery by the Iliexicans. 

ONEof those bloody and brutal acts which seem to be characteristic 
. of the lower order of the Mexican people, was committed at Santa Fe 
It appears that a detachment of seventy odd dragoons, belonging to the 
command of Col. Harney, left Jalapa in command of Lieut Hill with 
the intention of visiting a city some miles distant, to procure a further 
supply of horses. On arrinng at Santa Fe, nine of the men were left 
behmd in consequence of illness on their part, and the fatigue of their 

^'?!; ?'u- ^?^ ^'^ command continued on, feeling that those who 
were left behind were perfectly safe, and soon afterwards reached the 
city, where he has been detained, although it was his expectation that 
.le would Tiave returned the next morning. Nothing further was heard 
from the men for a few days, when news reached here, informing us 
that a large party of Mexicans had attacked and literally cut them to 
pieces, m the most shocking manner. One of them was killed on the 
spot, and hve others were mutilated in such a manner as to strike anv 
one with horror at the sight. Means of transportation were furnished 
and the survivors were brought to the city as soon as possible. One 
of the number, however, soon died, and two others were reported as 
unable to survive their wounds during the night. The hand of one 
was cut off above the wrist ; the abdomen of another was cut in such 
a manner as to allow his bowels to protrude. Another has several 
sabre cuts on his head, penetrating the skull, and the arms and bodies 
of others are hacked and mangled so as to render the description al- 
most incredible. ^ 

Capt. Walker started immediately, accompanied by his Mounted 
Kiflemen, in search of the murderers, and encountered a large body 
of Mexicans, whom he attacked, and succeeded in killing four 

Experience of a IVIassachusetts Volunteer. 

Soon after the commencement of the present war with Mexico a 
young man named John Miller, a resident of Salem, enlisted in the 
V b. Dragoons, and was sent to the seat of war. We have been shown 
the extract of a letter dated " Hospital, Matamoras," addressed by him 
to his mother in Salem. He states that he was in the battle of 
Monterey on the second day. when a 10 lb. howitzer shell, bursting 
''''•!,';i. « '^^ ^^l^^ ^."'^ ""^ ^'^ comrades outright, took off two of thi 
middle fingers of his right hand, tore his right leg, and killed his horse. 
Soon after, he received a musket ball in his left breast, and another in 
^\t^fl ^",* ""^ ^'' ''^^'™• ^^''^ h« «^^« thus disabled, he was 

Hn^n't 1 VJ'f '" u'' ^'? ''^"- ^^^''' ^y»"g three months in the 
Hospital at Mataraoras, he at length recovered. 

Ruffians.— "I am grieved to report a very painful affair to our 
TTZ'a Mf^'-^W^Tr^'n and Morris were attacked on the road, 
last Wednesday by five Mexican ruffians. Mr. Morris was woundeo 
m the ieg so badly that amputation became necessary. Mr Train 
was. I am pleased to learn, uninjured. The two succeeded in 
keeping the rascals at bay, until assistance arrived, when the Mexi- 
cans nedr— Letter from Mexico. 




Fiendish Iflnrder of!^ Catholic Prie§f. 

Father Ray, (as he was familiarly called,) a Catholic chap- 
Iain long connected with the United States army, was murdered 
in a most barbarous manner, by a party of Mexican Lancers, on 
the road between Camargo and Monterey. What ignorance, 
combined with fanaticism will do, may be judged by the mur- 
dering of this venerable old man, a faithful minister of peace ! 
True to his divine calling, he forsook friends and home, to make 
easy the couch of the dying soldier. He came with design of 
harm to neither Mexican or American, and was arrested in his 
divine vocation by those who choose the same mode of wor- 
shipping the Almighty. Strange infatuation ! 



Summary Proceeding;. 

A PARTY of Mexicans having murdered several Americans at 
a rancho near Cerralvo, fifteen or twenty Americans made a 
descent upon them, and hung upward of forty Mexicans. Con- 
siderable property, and some valuable papers belonging to 
Americans who had been killed on the road, were found on the 
persons and in the habitations of the murdered Mexicans. 



On the road from Fort Leavenworth to Santa Fe, writes an 
eye witness, are scattered innumerable wrecks of wagons and 
skeletons of both men and beasts — the bones of drivers and 
their cattle being left to whiten together. 



Murder of Colqwilt, and AnEpricais Vcatg-caBSce. 

" OccAsioMAL murders of our men," says a letter from the seat of 
war, "have heen perpetrated ever since we have been in the country, 
:iJl killed by the lasso. The Arkansas regiment of horse, from their 
havincf been employed as scouts, and occupying the outposts, have beera 
particularly exposed to this guerrilla warfare, and have lost ibor or five 
ivf their men. The day before yesterday, it was reported, that one of 
their number had been killed by the Mexicans, as he had been missing 
from camp since the day before, when he went out to took for his 
horse. Search was made for the body, . and it was fouiid about a 
thousand yards from our camp, with a lasso round the neck, and tied 
to a prickly pear, having beem dragged some three hundred yards upon 
the face through thip chapparel. It presented a horrible sight ; the 
name of the young man was Colquitt, a nephew of the Senator. The 
Arkansas men vowed vengeance, deep and sure. Yesterday morning, 
a number of them, some thirty persons, went out to the foot of the 
mountain, two miles off", to an ' arreyo ' which is washed in the sides. 
of the mountain, to which the ' pisanos ' of Agua Nueva had fted to 
upon our approach, and soon commenced an indiscriminate and bloody 
massacre oCthe poor creatures who had fled to the mountains and fast- 
ness for security. A number of our regiment being out of camp, I 
proposed to Col. Bissell to mount our horses, and ride to the scene of 
carnage, where I knew, from the dark insinuations of the night before, 
that Mexican blood was running freely. We hastened out rapidly, 
but owing to the thick chapparels, the work of death was over before 
we reached the horrible scene, and its perpetrators were returning to 
the camp, glutted with revenge. 

" God only knows how many of the unarmed peasantry were sacri- 
ficed to atone for the blood of poor Colquitt. The Arkansas regiment 
say that not less than thirty were killed. I think, however, that at 
least twenty of them were sent to their eternal rest. I rode through 
the chapparels, and found a number of their dead bodies, not yet cold. 
The features, in every instance, were composed and tranquil, lying 
upon their backs, eyes closed, and feet crossed. You would have 
.supposed them sleeping, but for the gory stream which bedewed the 
turf around them. In some instances, after the vital spark had fled, in 
the overflow of demoniac vengeance, the carbine ball dashed out the 
brains of its clayey victim. Death, in all its horrors, I have seen, and 
been familiar with from boyhood ; but I could not feel the dread reality 
before me until Col. B. and myself rode down the ' arreyo ' to where, 
from the curling smoke, we supposed the women and children of these 
poor creatures were secreted. We rode up. Fear and anxiety were 
depicted upon every countenance; the women crowded around us for 
protection ; and, Tiotvj'ithstanding they were not more than half a mile 
• from the scene of this murderous butchery, they were wholly ignorant 
of what had been going* on. An old female, who looked as though 
she might be the grandmother of the whole, advanced to us, and in the 
most imploring manner, asked us to send back her husband and sons 
from the camp, where they supposed they had all been taken. I thea 
told them that I feared their men had been killed. They saau coEa- 



MurJer of Young Colquitt, Sfc, continued. 

nr^hended rov fears; and the old woman asked ns to lead to Ihe dead 
Kiesf and accompanied by two little boys of about t»o years of age 

^^Ti:Tc::lt:i^t:':Zt':::.lL of a man abou. .b,r,y yea,, 

victim of ill-timed ^^"§^,^"^„^V^2^".fdark eves and rolling down his 
and the silent tears ^^^^/^f, f 7^]^' i^Oe fe, Ifv had lost a^friend. I 

^^muT^nt:; ur»edr:be"^,^:br Ct^ber. brothers and sis- 
brought by him mto <^^'"P. "^^^'/j^^J.^an or t vo in retaliation for 

A Prixe Dearly Bought. 

ta/z. ;^si; :^^^^qS;S"£" tr- 
r.'"?ddtry i^rrairdi^^ ^^^^^^''fz 

was the consequence, blowing eight or ten ^^ t^^^^'". ^f be ieved^ this to 

ncxicans not anxious for Peace. 

ir?. The Governor of the Federal District of Mexico, in an address 

'^'r^?:r ':;;;; u: o,:?;- wt;:t ^ wa, as i. wa, ^ged b, 

U,e M, relJ tie Galelnas, the Matamoros. Let us dje rather ban 

aanin- "Mexicans! we are all one, and Mexicanb onij. J^ 
unnmmous ; let there be but one cry, and let that cry be war. Pensh 
ihe Anglo Saxcn ! Perish the Yankees! 



The Castle of Perote. 




A Young Texau escaping from the Castle of Perote. 



Perote is situated on a large prairie of 400 or 500 acres, near the 
" Cofre de Perote," a mountain about 13,000 feet above the sea. The 
streets are irregular, and paved over the whole surface from one side to 
the other. The population is about 3000, and they have the credit of 
being addicted to robbery and murder. The houses are generally one 
story, of plastered stone, with tiled roofs. None of them are hand- 
some. The place contains two cathedrals. There is nothing of any 
interest to be found in the town. The celebrated Castle of Perote 
stands about one mile from it, on the same plain. It is a regularly 
constructed fort, rather than a castle, and is said to be equal, in size 
and style, to any of our own fortifications. 

The Castle is built entirely of stone, and has 96 embrasures, although 
only about 50 guns were found in it. In the centre is a large and 
handsome edifice, of two stories, built in the form of a hollow square, 
with galleries and corridors opening upon a court about 200 feet square. 
It contains numerous offices, a small chapel, barracks for the troops, 
and stables for about 200 horses. The principal rooms are t^astefully 
ornamented with various devices in plaster, and handsomely painted. 

The guns are very old, and of but little value. Each one has its 
name cast upon it in relief, as. The Church, The Young Lady, Re- 
venge, Opportunity, Thunder, Liberty, «Stc. There is an 18 inch brass 
mortar, bearing the Spanish coat of arms, and the date 1734. The 
whole is surrounded by a breastwork, with a stone-wall on tTke inside 
about two feet thick. The entire running length of this is upwards of 
a mile. It is lined with a heavy p;ilingr of wood, for musketry. 

«. 

(j;^ The funeral obsequies in honor of the lamented and heroic Col. 
Hardin, who fell gallantly fighting at Buena Vista, took place at Jack- 
sonville, 111., July 14th. Fifteen thousand persons participiated. 




1 portloa of the Army crossing a steep fflonntain. 



lucidcaits at the Hattlc of Bucna Tijita. 

The coolness and bravery of the Mississippi and Illinois volunteers 
were beyond all praise. While firing in line, the front rank knelt on 
one knee, taking deliberate aim, and doing deadly execution. 

Col. Bowles, of the 2d Indiana regiment, finding that his men falter- 
ed early in the action on the 23d, withdrew from them in disgust, and 
taking a rifle, joined the Mississippi regiment in the thickest of the 
fight. It is due to the Indiana regiment, however, to say, that they 
subsequently rallied, appealed to as they were by Capt. Lincoln and 
others, and fought bravely. 

The three guns which the Mexicans took, were only yielded by 
Lieut. O'Brien after a desperate resistance. Two of his horses were 
killed, the carriage wheels of one of them were broken, and the men 
attending the guns were all, but one sergeant, shot down. General 
Taylor complimented Lieut. O'Brien, on the field, for his bravery. 

Capt. Washington's battery was in a most favorable position. It 
protected the principal pass or approach to the American lines, with 
the very best effect. 

At one time during the battle, Capt. Bragg expressed some appre- 
hension to Gen. Taylor in relation to the position of his battery, and 
asked what he was to do. " Give them more grape, Bragg — more 
grape," says old Rough and Ready, " and that will secure their safe- 
ty." Bragg tried the prescription, and found it to have the best 
effect. 

Col. Jefferson Davis, of Mississippi, is idolized by his regiment ; 
and, as one of them said, he would lead them into h — 1. Believing, 
that on the 24th there would be a fight, and being unable to walk on 
account of the wound in his foot, he ordered that he be carried out to 
their head in a wagon. 

Col. Yell, as we have already told our readers, was lanced to death. 
His horse became restive, his bridle broke, and he carried him into 
the midst of the enemy, where a lance pierced him through the head. 

Col. Hardin, before being killed, captured a flag from the enemy, 
which, with his horse, he requested should be sent home as a last me- 
mento to his wife. 

Nothing could contrast more strongly than the humanity of the 
American soldiers and the cowardly ferocity and roguish propensity of 
the Mexicans. The Americans shared their biscuit and water with 
the wounded Mexicans, and were often sent to lay them in a position 
least painful to them. The Mexicans, on the contrary, cowardly killed 
our wounded men when they met them, as in the case of Col. Clay ; 
they stripped and robbed several of our officers and many of their own. 

Among the prisoners taken were two who were deserters from our 
own ranks. They were brought before Gen. Taylor, who ordered the 
%vretches to be drummed out beyond the lines. Such rascajs, he said, 
might do for Santa Anna — they would not suit him — and it would be 
wasting powder and shot to shoot them. They were therefore drum- 
med out in the tune of the Rogue's March. 

A bullet having passed through the breast of Gen. Taylor's jacket, 
he pemarked that the balls were becomine excited. 



Lieut. Ritchie Iias§o©cd by a Mexican. 




Gen. Scott, on arriving at the mouth of the Rio Grande, sent des- 
patches to Gen. Taylor, or the commanding officer at Saltillo. When 
the bearer reached that city, General Butler opened the despatches, and 
sent General Worth and his division for the Rio Grande. The despatches 
were then resealed and sent in charge of Lieut. Ritchie, to Gen. Tay- 
lor, then on his retrograde movement to Monterey from Victoria. Ten 
men, belonging to Kearney's company, of the 5th, accompanied Lieut. 
Ritchie as an escort. They arrived in Monterey in safety, stopped 
there all night, and proceeded on their route to meet General Taylor 
the next day. Towards dusk, Ritchie reached the Villa Grande, 23 
miles distant from Monterey. Meeting, just after his arrival, with an 
Englishman established in business there, he availed himself of his ser- 
vices to procure refreshments for. himself and command. As the two 
were crossing the plaza of Villa Grande, in furtherance of that object, 
a Mexican on horsel)ack came whisking by them, when suddenly he 
threw a lasso over Ritchie, put spurs to his animal, and succeeded in 
dragging him beyond the town, to a small creek in the vicinity. Here 
he murdered him, and after mutilating him in a horrid manner, made 
off with the despatches. V- 



A VolHiitecr returned with a Wife. 

A voLUNTKER lately returned from Mexico, bringing with him a 
bright-eyed Mexican girl, as his wife. " Love your enemies," had 
been practically obeyed by him. 



Amusing^ Incidents at the Battle of Sacramento. 

The following incidents which took place at the battle of Sacra- 
mento, are characteristic of the brave spirits who achieved this signal 
victory : 

While the Missouri forces were advancing upon the Mexican en- 
trenchments at Sacramento, a tall private in one of the companies called 
out to the Captain to halt, and the officer supposing that he was 
faltering, and fearful of such a feeling at so perilous a moment, leaped 
in front and sternly shouted, " Forward !" 

" Ho, Captain ! hush, hist ! Keep shady a moment," says he, " thar's 
a fellow peepin' over the bank at us ; jest let me try my old shootin' 
fixin' on him." 

" Forward ! I say, sir," shouted the officer again. 

" Well, but jest to try the thing, Captain — for it aint a right down 
sartih piece yet," said he; and levelling upon the peeping Mexican, 
he dropped him. " Good as wheat ! " he exclaimed ; " the old United 
States fixin' talks as if it had a raal natral animosity agin them fellars ! " 

During the fight a party of one company were, from their position, 
watching for chance shots at those who showed themselves inside 
of the entrenchments ; and the Mexicans appearing to have little idea 
of the marksmanship of the men opposed to them, would expose their 
persons as they fired their pieces ; those who did so, were almost cer- 
tain to fall by the fire of the Missouri sharp-shooters; and so little did 
the latter consider themselves in danger from the return fire, that 
they kept up a fire of laughter, also, at the success of their shots. — 
After several of the enemy had thus fallen, the others would place 
their gun on the entrenchment and fire at random, with no part of their 
person exposed. This musketry from the enemy was almost harmless. 
When the compaDy was ordered to charge upon the entrenchments, 
one of the privates was laughing so heartily that the tears were rolling 
down his cheeks. A comrade inquired — " What ails you, Sam?" 

" Why, I'm tickled with such fightin' as this," says he ; " I'll swar 
of it aint as good as any turkey shootin' I've ever seed ! " 




HoQses in flames, at Vera Ciul 




RESULTS OF THE BATTLES WITH THE MEXICANS. 

PALO ALTO, May 8th, 1846.— American force engaged, 2,288 ; Mexican 
force, 6,000 regular troops, and several thousand irregular troops. American 
loss, 9 killed, and 44 wounded ; Mexican loss about 200 killed and 400 wound- 
ed. Mexican Army fell back to Resaca de la Palma. 

RESACA DE LA PALMA, May 9th.— American force engaged, 1700, 
(aggregate 2222.) Mexican force, 7000, reinforced by cavalry and infantry. 
American loss, 39 killed, 82 wounded. Mexican Iosh, about 250 killed, and 
600 wounded. The Mexicans retreated in the greatest confusion^ pursued by 
the American cavalry to the Rio Grande, where many of them were drowned 
in crossing. The Mexicans had veteran regiments of cavalry and infantry, 
perfectly equipped and provided, and occupying a chosen and advantageous 
position, strongly defended with artillery. The entire camp, baggage, ammu- 
nition, maps, papers, &.C., fell into the hands of the Americans. 

MONTEREY, Sept. 21st, 22d, and 23d, 1846.— Capitulated on the morning 
of the 24th, after the Americans had carried all tho forts, batteries and barri- 
cades, and held three-fourths of the town. American forces engaged, not quite 
6000 men. Mexican force, 7000 regular, and about 4000 irregular troops. 
American lo«^, 12t) killed, ^0 wounded. Mexican loss supposed to be 800. 

BATTLE OF SACRAMENTO, under Col. Doniphan, Feb. 28th, 1847.— 
Tlie victory of Col. Doniphan, it has been truly said, is in many respects the 
most remarkable achievement of the war. The number of Americans engaged 
was 994, while the Mexicans had 4223 engaged. American ar^llery, 6 pieces ; 
Mexican do., 12. Americans killed, 2; Mexicans killed, 300. 

VERA CRUZ AND THE CASTLE TAKEN, March 26, 1847.— The 
military operations agairtst the City and Castle were commenced on the 9th of 
JMaicii, and the surrender took place on the 26th, when the Mexican troops 
marched out and laid down their anna. At noon on tliat day, the American 
ensign wris Iioiste;! over the City and Castle. The loss of the Americans was 
C5, killed in.l \voniidod. The Mexican loss is said to have been immense. 



BUENA VISTA, Feb. 21, 1847.— This was one of the most desperate bat- 
tles ever fought ; the American arms were victorious, though engaged in the 
unequal contest of 1 to 4. The enemy was descried on the morning of the 
21st, at which time our volunteers sent in tliree tremendous cheers. The 
Mexicans had 32 cannon of large calibre. The result of the first day was only 
8 or 10 killed and wounded on t^ie American side. 

On the second day, at sunrise, the fight began in earnest. The dark col- 
umns of the Mexicans extended as far as the eye could see. The two armies 
were soon in hot conflict. At night, the Mexicans withdrew in haste, leaving 
their arms and munitions of war upon the field. Many perished from starva- 
tion in their retreat. The loss on both sides was great, and a large proportion 
of officers. The Mexicans lost three general officers, and 20 colonels and com- 
manders of battallions. The Mexican force engaged in this action was from 
20,000 to 25,000. The Americans, all told, did not exceed GOOO, and most of 
them were new recruits and volunteers. This was a contest of 4 against 1 ; 
and, strange to tell, our arms were triumphant ! 



BATTLE OF CERRO GORDO, April 18, 1847.— This great battle,.fought 
»mder the direction of Gen. Scott, was planned with great skill, and carried on 
with zeal to a successful and triumphant result. After the favorable issue of 
the conflict, Scott writes to the Department at Washington, as follows, — "We 
are quite embarrassed with the results of victory ; prisoners of war, heavy 
ordnance, field batteries, small arms and accoutrements." About 3,000 men 
laid down their arms, with the usual proportion of field and company officers, 
besides five generals, several of them of great distinction. Gen. Scott esti- 
mated the American loss at 250 — Mexican loss, 350. 



TOBASCO, taken possession of in October, 1846, by the Naval force, 
after considerable skirmishing. Tobasco is a fine city, situated on a high 
bluff on the right bank of the river, 80 miles from its mouth. The river is nar- 
row, the banks are high and steep, and covered with trees, chaparral and flags, 
interwoven with hanging vines and the densest foliage. 



TAMPICO surrendered, soon afler. This, unlike the other conquests 
of our arms in Mexico, was obtained without the price of blood. The fleet 
was under the command of Com. Conner. The town is now sufficiently gar- 
risoned by our land forces, and will become a place of great importance in our 
further operations upon the interior. 



What Harm has "War done us? 

Col. Wm. B. Cambell's first regiment of Tennessee volunteers num- 
bered 1000 brave men, on their march to Mexico. Only 350, rank and 
file, of this gallant regiment, returned with their Colonel to their homes. 

Col. Wm. T. Haskell's second regiment of Tennessee volunteers 
numbered 1040 on their march to Mexico. Only 360 of these gallant 
men, rank and file, returned with Col. Haskell to their homes and 
friends — their wives and children — their fathers, mothers, brothers and 
sisters. The remainder of the two regiments — thirteen hundred and 
thirtij — where are they? Sickness and bullets, and the sword, have 
consigned to an early grave in a foreign land, far from their native 
homes, without coffins and winding sheets, or headstones to tell wlio 
they are or lohere they are. Poor fellows ! mournful and vacant are 
many loved homes and firesides ; but the sleeping dead know it not. 
They repose beneath the burning sands of an inhospitable clime, pro- 
HMscuousIy thrown together. 



Death oi* L.icut. Col. €iay, at Bueiia Vista. 

At the battle of Buena Vista, Lieut. Col. Clay was shot through 
both thighs by grape shot, and shortly afterwards he received a musket 
ball through his body. As he was being carried from the field by his 
men, they were charged on by a body of Mexican lancers, [see the 
engraving,] who killed every one of them, and also run their lances 
through Mr. Clay's body. His body was subsequently recovered from 
the enemy. 

LETTER FKOM GEN. TAYLOR TO HON. HENRY CLAY 

The following letter from Gen. Taylor to Mr. Clay, we find in the 
Lexington Observer. The hero of Buena Vista, though always " ready, '^ 
is not alwnys " rough" as the warm sentiment and beautiful language 
of this epistle sufficiently show. ° " 

Head Quarters, Army of Occupation, ) 
Agua Neuva, Mexico, March 1, 1847. ] 

My Dear Sir : You will no doubt have received, before this can 
reach you, the deeply distressing intelligence of the death of your son 
in the battle of Buena Vista. It is with no wish of intruding upon the- 
sanctuary of parental sorrow, and with no hope ofadministerincr auy con- 
solation to your wounded heart, that I have taken the liberty of address- 
ing you these few lines ; but I have felt it a duty which I owe to the 
memory of the distinguished dead, to pay a willing tribute to his many 
excellent qualities, and while my feelings are still fresh, to express the 
desolation which his untimely loss, and that of other kindred spirits, 
have occasioned. 

I had but a ca*sual acquaintance with your son, until he became for 
a time a member of my military family, and I can truly say that no one 
ever won more rapidly upon my regard, or established a more lasting 
daim to my respect and esteem. Manly and honorable in every im- 
pulse, with no feeling but for the honor of the service and of the coun- 
try, he gave every assurance that in the hour of need I conld lean with 
confidence upon his support. Nor was I disappointed. Under the 
guidance of himself and the lamented McKee, gallantly did the sons of 
Kentucky in" the thickest of the strife, uphold the honor of the State 
and the country. 

A grateful people will do justice to the memory of those who felJ on 
that eventful day. But I may be permitted to express the bereave- 
ment which I feel in the loss of valued friends. To your son I felt 
bound by the strongest ties of private regard, and when I mi.ss his 
familiar face and those of McKee and Hardin, I can say with truth,. 
that I feel no exultation in our success. 

With the expression of my deepest and most heartfelt sympathies for 
your irreparable loss, I remain. Your friend, Z. Taylor. 

Hon. Henry Clay, New Orleans, La. 

Col. Clay has left three motherless and fatherless children, who were 
given in charge of their grand-parents by the unfortunate father, on 
leaving fcr the seat of war. 




Death of Captain George Lincoln. 

N the battle-field at Buena Vista, Feb. 23, 1847, 
among those who fell in fighting for their coun- 
try, was Capt. George Lincoln, of Worces- 
ter, Mass., son of Ex-Governor Lincoln. An 
! officer who rode beside him states that he was 
J shot through the head when in the act of 
^ making a charge nt full gallop, and that he fell 
, dead from his horse. The noble animal, car- 

'i4ed forward by his own speed, as soon as he 

missed his rider, turned back, passed his nose over his body, and gently 
turned the head so as to reveal the features of his master which, when 
exposed to Lincoln's servant, who stood by, caused the latter to shed 
tears, and utter loud convulsive lamentations. All who saw it were 
deepl'y affected, for Lincoln was the idol of the army. 

Captain Lincoln did not volunteer for the Mexican war The war 
found him in the army at a distant post, and he was ordered to the Kio 
Grande before it was known that hostilities would take place. He 
heard the first hostile gun that was fired, and from that moment until 
he fell covered wilh wounds, in the hard fought battle of Buena Vista, 
the manner in which he bore himself is matter of public history. We 
all remember the interesting narrative of the young officer whose life 
he saved, by extraordinary personal prowess, at Palo Alto; we know 
that his promotion stands recorded in the public archives on the ground 
of heroic conduct at Palo Alto and Resaca de la Palma ; and we know 
that he was selected for the office of Assistant Adjutant General and 
that he discharged its duties in the most noble manner at Buena Vista, 
even at the venture of inevitable death. • • l 

From the first, there has been something peculiarly interesting m the 
character and conduct of this young officer. Gen. Taylor, who uses 
few words, and never exceeds in commendation, speaks ot his martial 
bearing and approved gallantry." He gained the title of " the Bayard 
of the American Army," which was accorded to him, without envy, by 
his brother officers. But particularly was he popular aniong the com- 
mon soldiers. He had a faculty of command, a cheerfulness, a power 
of calling out enthusiasm, invaluable in the actual service of war 1 he 
meanest camp followers shed tears when they saw the empty saddle ot 
his war-horse, and his body borne by the artillerymen into the camp : 

" Dragged from among the horses' feet, 
Wilh dented shield and helmet beat." 

Some days after the battle, Capt. Lincoln's horse was offered for sale 
at auction. When the first bid was announced, the canteen woman 
honored with the soubriquet of " The Heroine of Fort Brown with 
whom Lincoln was an especial favorite, stepped forward and said that a 
man who offered seventy-five dollars for a horse like that cou d not want 
it— that she would aive two hundred and fifty dollars for the animal, 
and at that price it was knocked off to her. When asked wh;t occa- 
sion «he had for the horse, she declared her intention to keep it till an 
opportunity offered of forwarding it to Lincoln's mother, for uhom she 
desicraed it as a present. [She afterwards relinquished the hurse to the 
KeiiTucky Regiment, bj whom he was presented to the family ot the 
deceased, and f rwarded to Boston.] 




FUNERAL OBSEQUIES 

IN HONOR OF THE BRAVE 

CAPT. GEORGE IilI¥COL]¥, 

Assistant Adjutant General, U. S. Army, 

M'.HO WAS KILLED, IN THE SERVICE OF HIS COUNTRY, AT THE 

BATTLE OF BUENA VISTA, MEXICO, 
On the 23rf of February, 1847. 



Warrior, rest ! Ihy toils are ended ; 

Life's last fearlul strife is o'er ; 
Clarion calls with death notes blended, 

Shall disturb thine ear no more ! 
Peaceful is thy dreamless slumber, 

Peaceful, but how cold and stern, — 
Thou hast joined that silent number 

In the land whence none return. 

Tat Funeral Ceremonies, which were performed in Boston and at Worces- 
ta; on the 22d of July, 1847, in honor of the late Capt. George Lincoln, 
kUled at the battle of Buena Vista, were of the most interesting, affecting and 
inlposing character. Despite all that cavellers may say, the death of a noble 
hearted youth, fighting gallantly in the service of his country, is an event 
which enlists the symj^athies of mankind keenly, deeply and universally — and 
whatever any might have thought upon the origin or causes of the war, all 
united cordially and zealously in bestowing honors upon the gallant dead. 
The soldier who falls fighting the battles of his country, certainly deserves 
the highost honors that his country can bestow. There is no greater sacrifice 
than the sacrifice of life ; there is none, therefore, which merits higher reward. 
It is the hope of fame — the hope of grateful reward at the hands of his coun- 
trymen, which nerves his arin. fires his eye, and animates his S9ul. Without 
such hope, patriotism would die — and our national honor would become a by- 
word and a jest among the nations of the earth. But with a generous and 
grateful country to sustain him, the soldier's heart beats high with hope, even 
ia the hour of peril. If he live, he is assured that his countrymen will repay 
hi5^ devotion to their service, with noble generosity. If he die, the sweet 
spfVh of Hope whispers words of glorious consolation to his soaL 



Captain Lincohi's Funeral, {continued.) 

PUBLIC CEREMONIES IN BOSTON. 
The remains were depositeJ in a rich and magnificently finished black wal- 
nut coffin manufactured iii Boston, over whicli was thrown the American flag. 
Upon it weTe placed two swords, the arms of the deceased, one of which he 
used at Resaca de la Palma, Buen. Vista, &c., and the other w^ presented 
to him a L months before his death by citizens of Worcester. Beside them 
were the cap, plume and belt of the deceased; and upon the breast of the 
eoffin was placed a silver plate bearing the followmg mscnption:— 
GEORGE LINCOLN, 
Capt. 8th Reg't Inffy, U- S. A. 
Fdl at Bwna Vista, Mexico, Feb. Qii, 1«47. 
Aged 29 years. 
In delivering the remains into the care of the military. Mayor auincy made 
the following brief and touching remarks :— 

<^Felloio CUizens:-We have met here to pay the last tribute to the remains 
of the gallant Capt. George Lincoln, late an officer in the army of the United 
States who fell while in the discharge of his military calling, at the battle of 
BuenaVisU He was immediatel/ associated, both before and during the 
Sn, w th thf Second Regiment of Kentucky Volunteers. When their 
thne of sei;ice expired, and they were about returning home, the remembrance 
IfThe soldier who had shared with them the privations of the camp and the 
dangers of the field would not permit them to suffer his remains to slumber on 
a foreSn soil. They caused them to be taken from their temporary resting 
place guarding them to New Orleans, and thence transmitted them to me, as 
Mayor of the City of Boston, the chief magistrate of the capital of this state; 
as slch I have received them, believing that whatever may be the opinions of 
my fellow citizens concerning the war, there is an universal feeling o respect 
for this gallant man, who fell fighting in the front rank of his country s army 

" It is my painful duty to transmit these remains to the presence ot his hon- 
ored and honorable father, of his loving mother of his affectionate ^vite of his 
orphan child. Their feelings on receiving them cannot be described, may 
thev be soothed by the sympathy of the public. , ■ u- u 

"" "^But it was not^n thes'e r'elatfons alone that Capt. Lincoln stood or in which 
he would have wished to be remembered. He was a soldier, and his fate v a^ 
Vmany a soldier would have desired,-for of him it may ^e said, whi^ he 
lived he was loved, honored and trusted by his comrades. When he fell, it 
was on a well fought and hardly won field of battle, with the shout of victory 
Tn his ear. His totinguished leader lamented him as one on whose courage 
Sid conduct he rested In the dov btful struggle that was ^fore lum, and^i. 
companions in arms mourned that they would no more hear the voice tliey had 

' beard so oft 

In worst extremes, and on ibe perilous edge 
Of battle when it raged in all assaults, 
Their surest signal.' 
"Havincr been trusted by those companions in arms with these remains to 
the care of soldiers I resign them. You, Mr. Commander, will convey thena 
wfth the r teTof war to thiir final resting place in the heart of the Common 
wealtMhe beautiful village of his birth. He will there be long remembered 
S when some future historian shall be recounting the thousand sons ot 
Massachusetts who have fallen on the high places of the .^^1^, may he tmly 
say that he whose remains lie before us, was her^ last sacrifice, falling in the 
last war in which the country was ever engaged. 

Col. Edmands, who as military commandant had charge of the whole pro- 
ceedings, then made a brief and appropriate reply. 



Captain Lincoln's Funeral, (continued.) 

The Civic Procession was formed in Court Square, at half past 8 o'clock, 
under the direction of Francis Blake, Esq., as Chief Marshal, and Messrs. 
W. A. Wellman and N. P. Lovering, as Aids. 

The Rough and Ready Association was present, in good numbers, under 
the direction of Louis Dennis, Esq., Chief Marshal ; Jas. H. Blake and Francis 
Whiston, Aids ; and the following assistant Marshals — Messrs. Isaac Cary, 
Lvman Tucker, Jr., Amasa G. Smith, Stephen Titcomb, Thomas J. Pierce, 
Charles Grant, Geo. B. Wellman, J. F. Marsh, W. W. Baker, R F. Deland. 

The members of the Association appeared, agreeably to the public order, in 
black hats, dark clothes and white gloves ; forming a highly appropriate and 
elegant costume. 

The former Residents of Worcester County furnished a large and highly 
respectable delegation. Messrs. Lewis Mills and Edward Lamb officiated as 
Marshals. 

His Honor Mayor Quincy, a large portion of the Board of Aldermen, and 
other members of the City Government, were present The citizens of Boston 
to the number of several hundreds, also joined the procession. 

The New England Guards appeared with very full ranks, and performed the 
escort duty in excellent style. 

The Horse rode by the deceased in the fatal battle, was introduced into the 
procession, arrayed in the equipments which he wore when his gallant rider 
fell in the arms of death, and formed one of the most interesting features in 
the mournful pageant. This horse is a large muscular animal, of no special 
beauty of figure, nearly white, or very light grey, having a long natural tail — 
and bearing marks of the severe service and long journeys tlirough which he 
has passed. 

The procession began to move towards the depot of the Worcester Railroad 
about half past 8 o'clock. An immense crowd of people collected in the 
streets through which the procession passed, to witness the mournful specta- 
cle ; and the deepest feeling of respect for the departed solder, and of sym- 
pathy for his suffering widow and friends, appeared to pervade all hearts. 
Measure glory as you will, it is a painful thing for one so young, so gifted, 
and so connected by ties of marriage and blood with dear friends on eartii, so 
to fall, on the field of battle, let the cause be what it may ! He is gone — 

" Gone to the land of silence 

To the shadow of the dead, 
With the green turf on his bosom, 
And the grey stone at his head ! " * 

The procession passed from Court Square to Tremont Street, and from 
tltpnce through Boylston and Essex Streets, Harrison Avenue, and Beech 
Streets, to the depot opposite the United States Hotel, where a special train 
was in readiness to take them to Worcester. 

PROCEEDINGS AT WORCESTER. 

The special train of cars, containing the Boston procession, arrived at Wor- 
cester about 12 o'clock. A great crowd of people had collected at the depot, 
anxiously awaiting the arrival of the train, with its mournful charge. 

The body was taken from the cars, with its companion, the war horse — 
the N. E. Guards, the Rough and Ready Association, and the citizens of Wor- 
cester,-again formed in procession, and marched to the residence of Ex-Gov- 
Qjpor Lincoln, where the sarcophagus was given into the hands of the aflJicted 
ramily. 

The Funeral Car was drawn by four white horses, in mourning harness, 
led by soldiers, and attended by Captains Thompson, Forristall, Cowdin, 
Smith, Kelsey and Mitchell, as Pall Bearers. 

All work and business in the town seemed to be suspended; the stores 
Mrere nearly all closed, and the entire population appeared to be assembled 
to witness the funeral spectacle. 



Captain Lincoln's Funeral, {continued) 

■ 1 «f thP Escort and Funeral Car at the mansion of Gov. 
On the arrival of *;»« *^J^e ^U a few rods back of the Worcester House, 
Lincoln, on Elm street, on tlie hiU a te r ^.^^ ^^^^ 

^,e N. E. Guards were f«™\d„\"2 the houTe with military honors, 
sented, and the ^^f'J.^f L^Sn^^^^^^^^ located, surrounded by a 

The residence of Gov. L.incom ii> ^^J , ^ ^ ^e boked upon 

fine garden and an abundance of J^f^X^tt^w.Ja change in his lot the 
this peaceful spot, ^e could not but e^lea no ^„a%hild, and kind 

::;ei', anttMs' -^^^^^^^^^^ - ^^ ^^-^' ^^ ''' ^°^" ''' 

life on the plains of Mexico. ^weet child, with delicate complexion and 

The daughter ^^ f ^\^-?l\'Vin Jot in tt care of a nurse, during the 
curly flaxen hair, sat at ^"°P«J»J^^„^ departure of the corpse happy and 
whole ceremony of the reception an p unconscious of the influence 
pleased with the novel «P«f^'\^"\!Sn ^^^^ 
which this melancholy ^^^'^^.^^^J^^J't^'eP^'^as formed partly on the Common 

The general P>^««««^:«" '"J^SSv Escort was under the command of 
and partly on Elm street J^e MU t'^^X b«^^^^^^^ ^^^,, the direction of the 
Brig. Gen. George Hobbs and ti^^^J^/^ ^, Assistant Marshals :- 

Hon. Isaac Davis aided by the tollowing^ ^ Richardsoii, 

^i'reSgfT! Rice; ^tSS^cTl^ Bulloch, Vm. Bickford. Col. 
P. W. Taft" and Gen. E.L. Barnard ^^^^ ^j^^ f^^^il 

At 1 o'clock the remains of the decea ed ^e^ ^^^^ ^^^^^^^ ^^^^ p^^^^^ 

Stte" ali^tfeSnrtSn IvU in the following order :- 
raleaesco. -posed of^.e f.lowin^^^^^^^^^^ command of 

Sterling Washington Light Guards. 
Fitchburg Fusileers. 
Worcester Guards. 
Worcester Light Infantry. 
New England Guards, from Boston- 
Boston Brass Band. 
Worcester Brass Band. 

,XLI. BEARERS. t^T PALLBEARERS. 



PALI. BEARERS. < ^^^^ BEARERS. 

H r 

ThP Horse rode by Capt Lincoln at Buena Vista. 

Gov Lincoln and ler male Relatives of the deceased, on foot. 
Gov. 1-incom ^^^^^ ^^^^^^^^ in carriages. 

Officers of the United States Army without commands. 
Oacers oi^i ^^ ^^^ ^^.^^^ States Navy. 

Officers of the Infantry and Militia without com^^^^^^^^ 

Privates in uniform, not connected with escorts. 

City Marshal and Aids. 

Committee of Arrangements. 

Cxtozens 01 oobu Rqu^h and Ready Association. , 

Members of the Lincoln Monument Association. 

Officers aS Students of Je College of the Holy Cross. 

Worcester Fire Department. 

St John Benevolent Society. 

Citizens of Worcester. 

Associations and Citizens of the County of Worcester. 



Captain Lincoln's Funeral, {continued.) » 

Ex-Governor Lincoln and liis family appeared to be deeply distressed by 
the mournful ceremonies, and great sympathy was manifested by the people. 
The general appearance of the funeral pageant was solemn, impressive ani 
affecting in the extreme. As the mournful cortege moved through the prin- 
cipal streets, to the sound of the muffled drums, and the dirge-like music of 
the band, and ever and anon the booming sound of the minute gnn fell upore 
the ear, the heart of the spectator could not fail to be moved with irrepressible 
emotion. Along the whole route of the procession, the windows of the dwell- 
ings and the sidewalks of the streets were lined with crowds of spectators, 
whose countenances bore marks of the deepest interest in the mournful duties 
of the occasion, and synipathy for the departed soldier and his friends. 

The ill-fated but still fortunate soldier whose remains were now being 
borne to the tomb, was a nativp of this town— the school-fellow, companion 
and playmate of many who now witnessed his solemn burial. He had walked 
these streets, shaken these hands, breathed this air, and held social converse 
with hundreds of this living and breathing mass. Every spot on the route of 
the procession, recalled to many persons reminiscences of moments of pleasure 
passed with the deceased in other days. His figure, his voice, his expressive 
countenance and flashing eye, seemed again to assume form and substance to 
the imagination ; his faults, if faults he had, were forgotten in the kindly feel- 
ing of the moment, and his virtues rose, embellished by the recollection of his 
gallant end, eloquent advocates of his fame ! 

The Funeral Services were performed in 4he First Unitarian Church, of 
which the Rev. Alonzo Hill is pastor— where the Lincoln family attend wor- 
ship. The coffin was placed upon a table beneath the altar. The relatives of 
the deceased occupied the main aisle, and the military and societies t]»e re- 
mainder of the house, except galleries, which were appropriated to the ladies 
The exercises commenced with a voluntary on the organ, followed by the 
appropriate Funeral Dirge, " Clay to clay, and dust to dusf Rev. Mr. HilS 
then read some appropriate selections from the Scriptures ; after which he 
•ffered a fervent and excellent prayer. An anthem was then suno-- " Ucveil 
thy bosom, faithful tomb," &,c. " 

The Procession left the church in the same order that it came, and marched 
to the Salisbury Cemetery, about half a mile distant, where the corpse was to 
be deposited. 

The scene at the Cemetery was full of interest, and eminently suggestive of 
reflections both pleasant and sad. The spot is one of simple and quiet beauty ; 
a fit resting place for the honored dead, whose fame is their own monument. 
On the arrival of the procession at the Cemetery, the escort formed a line 
opposite the entrance, when the corpse was taken to the public tomb by the 
Pall Bearers, and the relatives of the deceased and others passed on to the 
Lot presented by the proprietors of the Cemetery for the monument to Capt. 
Lincoln, which is near the family tomb. Three volleys were fired over the 
body by the Worcester troops, the Band played a salute, and the whole body 
of the Escort, Societies, &c., left the ground. 

After the return of the Procession from the Cemetery, those who had par- 
ticipated in the solemnities, numbering some 600, partook of a collation in 
the Upper Town Hall, which had been provided under the direction of the 
Committee of Arrangements. A letter from Gov. Lincoln was read at the 
table, expressing his warmest thanks to the Committee of Arrangements, the 
military and others, for the kind interest which they had exhibited towards his 
family, and for their efforts to bestow honor upon the remains of his son. The 
letter was written with much evident feeling, and was received by the com- 
pany with great satisfaction. 

Much credit is due to the Rough and Ready Association of Boston, to the 
N. E. Guards, and the military generally, for the effort which they made to 
confer suitable honors upon the remains of Capt. Lincoln, 



The Siege of Vera Crnz. 




" It is impossible," says an eye witness of the siege of Vera Cruz, 
" to get at the loss of the Mexicans, by the bombardment ; yet it is 
certain that women, children and non-combatants have suffered the 
most. Hardly a building south of the Plaza Grande but is either 
burnt, torn in pieces, or much injured, and the streets are filled with 
rubbish and fragments. The National Palace, which is on the Plaza, 
and near the outer range of our mortars, had five shells burst within it, 
one of which killed a woman and two children lying asleep in the 
kitchen. The Cathedral, on an opposite side of the Plaza, was also 
somewhat injured, but the churches south of it, and near our mortars, 
suffered most. I write this letter in a house which must have been hot 
enough during the bombardment, for the signs of shell are all around 
nae. The residence of our former consul, Mr. Hargous, was struck 
twice. One of the shells came through the roof, lodged at the foot of 
a bed which a gentleman had just left, and completely demolished every 
thing in the room, and the furniture was of the most costly description. 
One of the inmates describes the explosion as tremendous. The house 



Siege of Vera Cruz, continued. 

shook in all its parts as with an earthquake, and his first impressioa 
was that everything in it had been rended into fragments. Probably 
jears will elapse, before Vera Cruz is in the situation in which the 
siege found it," 

" I was," writes another eye witness, " in the Governor's Palace, a 
very fine building, occupying one side of the Plaza, in which General 
Scott had his head-quarters, and was looking into a very handsome 
room, where it was evident a shell had struck, when a Mexican gentle- 
man came up, and offered to show me over the house. I followed hira, 
and directly we came to what had evidently been a superb room, but 
then almost entirely torn to pieces. He pointed to a place beside the 
door which was blown out. " There," said he, " sat a lady and her 
two children ; they were all killed by the shell which has wrought the 
injury you see." 

" I rode to town," says a third eye witness, "to see what effect our 
shot had had on it. I was prepared to see much destruction, but was 
perfectly amazed. The south-west side of the town is almost entirely 
destroyed. The navy battery, six guns, three 32 pounders, and three 
64 pounders, Paixhan guns, at times throwing shells, and at others solid 
shot, did immense execution ; also a 24 pound battery, worked by the 
army ; but the citizens of Vera Cruz say the bombs did the most in- 

" They would fall on the houses, the weight carrying them through 
from roof to cellar, and then burst, opening the houses from top to bot- 
tom, and killing all within. Thousands had left the town, or the 
casualties, as regards life, would have been immense. As it was, the 
women and children suffered most. The loss of life by the soldiers was 
comparatively small ; they kept themselves in the northern part of the 
(town. 

" One reason of the Mexicans for giving up is, they feared a rcTolt 
of the troops. The suburbs, where the greater part of their wives lived, 
was completely destroyed, — and they begged their husbands to give 
up, and save their families from destruction. Many of the ofiicers, at 
night, crawled up close to the walls, and represented the screeching, 
crying, and lamenting of the women, children and wounded, as being 
dreadful. Poor creatures, they must have suffered severely." 

" The French families in the city," says a writer to the Alton Tele- 
graph, " were the greatest sufferers. I have heard a great many heart- 
rending tales, which were told by the survivors with breaking hearts ; 
but I have neither the inclination nor the time to repeat them. One, 
however, I will name. A French family were quietly seated in, their 
parlor, the evening previous to the hoisting of the white flag, when a 
shell from one of our mortars penetrated the building, and exploded in 
the room, killing the mother and four children, and wounding the res- 
idue. Another shell struck the Charity Hospital, penetrated (he roof, 
bursting in the room where the sick inmates were lying, and killed 23. 
Thus rushed into eternity, in the twinkling of an eye, not only the 
inralid, but the innocent and ui^offending." 



Ia^h of the U. S. Bi'is^ Vomers, and 39 Lives ! 




The U. S. Brig Somers, which had been for some months engaged 
m maintaining the Blockade off Vera Cruz, was lost on the 8th Dec, 
1846. At the time of the disaster she was in chase of a strange sail, 
and being struck with a sudden squall, was capsized, and in fifteen 
minutes went down. By this sad event, thirty-nine lives were lost, out 
of 76, the whole number on board. 

The crews of the English and French vessels are entitled to great 
commendation for their efforts in saving the lives of those on board the 
Somers. 

Midshipman Rogers, of the Somers, was captured by the Mexicans, 
while reconnoitering, just before the loss of the brig. 



€aug;ht a Tartar. 

Between Camargo and Mier, three Mexicans were waylaying the 
road, to rob a Mexican merchant of Matamoras, who was known to be 
coming down from Mier with a large amount of money in his posses- 
sion. The merchant had three men with him, and it chanced before 
he reached the spot where the robbers had posted themselves, that three 
Texan Rangers, who had been out on a scout, struck into the road a 
short distance ahead of him, pursuing their way down to Camargo. It 
was after dark, and the roobers mistook the Rangers for the merchant's 
party. They ordered them to halt and deliver : — but they delivered 
bullets instead of money, and left not a robber able to carry off his 
ioad ; — all were killed ! and the merchant passed down in safety. 



Battle or Sacramento. 

[from col. Doniphan's official despatches.] 

" On the 8th of February, 1847, we left El Paso del Norte. On the 
Ooth of Feb. we were informed that the enemy were at Inseneas. At 
sunrise on the 28th, we took up the line of march. When within three 
miles of the enemy, we ascertained that they had one battery of four 
guns, two nine and six pounders, on the point of the mountain. They 
had another battery on an elevation commanding the road and three 
entrenchments of two six pounders, and on the brow of the crescent 
near the centre, another of two six and two four and six culverins, or 
rampart pieces, mounted on carriages ; and on the crest of the hill 
they had twenty-seven redoubts dug and thrown up. When we had ar- 
rived within one and a half miles of the entrenchments, we advanced 
the cavalry, and suddenly diverged with columns to the right, so as to 
gain the narrow part of the ascent on our right; which the enemy dis- 
covering, endeavored to prevent by moving forward with 1,000 cavalry 
and four pieces of cannon. Our movements were so rapid that we 
gained the elevation with our forces and the advance of our wagons in 
time to form before they arrived within reach of our guns. The enemy 
halted and we advanced within 1,200 yards of them, so as to let our 
wagons attain the highlands and form as before. 

We now commenced the action by a brisk fire from our battery, and 
the enemy unmasked and commenced also; our fires proved effective 
at this distance, killing fifteen men, wounding and disabling one of the 
enemy's guns. The enemy then slowly retreated, and we resumed 
our march in our former order. After marching as far as we safely 
could, we charged with the two twelve pound howitzers, to be support- 
ed by the cavalry. The howitzers charged at speed, and were gal- 
lantly sustained. Major Clark advanced as fast as practicable with the 
remainder of the battery, we charged their redoubts from right to left, 
with a brisk and deadly fire of riflemen, while a rapid and well direct- 
ed fire was opened on a column of cavalry, attempting to pass to our 
left so as to attack the wagons and our rear. The fire was so well di- 
rected as to force them to fall back ; and our riflemen, with the cav- 
alry and howitzers, cleared after an obstinate resistance. Our 
forces advanced to the very brink of their redoubts, and attacked them 
with their sabres. When the redoubts were cleared, and the batteriee 
in the centre and on our left were silenced, the main battery on our 
right still continued to pour in a constant and heavy fire, as it had 
done during the heat of the engagement ; but as the whole fate of the 
battle depended upon carrying the redoubts and centre battery, this 
one on the right remained unattacked, and the enemy had rallied there 
five hundred strong. 

A heavy fire was commenced upon it, while the 1st battalion were 
ordered to remount and charge the battery on the left, and the 2d bat- 
talion was directed to pass on foot up the rough ascent of the moun- 
tain on the opposite side. The fire of our battery was so effective as 
to completely silence theirs, and the rapid advance of our column put 
them to flight over the mountains in great confusion — and thus ended 
the battle of Sacramento. 

Our force was 924 effective men ; at least one hundred of whom 



Battle of Sacramento, continued. 

were engaged in holding horses and driving teams : while that of the 
enemy amounted to 4,223. The loss of the enemy was his entire ar- 
tillery, ten wagons, masses of beans and pinola, and other Mexican 
provisions, about three hundred killed and about the same number 
wounded, many of whom have since died, and forty prisoners. 

The field was literally covered with the dead and wounded from our 
artillery and the unerring fire of our riflemen. Night put a stop to the 
carnage, the battle having commenced about three o'clock. Our loss 
was one killed, one mortally wounded, and seven so wounded as to re- 
corer without any loss of limbs." 




Mexican Harbor and P9rtifiMti«R» 



A Prairie Kattle with the C.-jaaaanche Indians. 




A Camauche Warrior prepared for Battle. 
EXTRACT OF A LETTER FROM AN OFFICER. 

On the 23d day of June, 1847, at Pawnee Fork, we were attacked 
by about 50 Indians, whom we repulsed without the loss of any of our 
men or property, though several of the men were wounded ; one of my 
men in several places, but he will probably recover. We congratu- 
lated ourselves in being successful in thus driving off these pests of the 
prairies ; but alas ! this affair was but a prelude to what was subse- 
quently experienced by us. 

It is our custom on the prairies at all times to make our encamp- 
ment as safe as practicable; this we do by having the wagons placed 
in a circular form, inside of which some of the cattle are fastened, the 
rest being hobbled ; the centre is occupied by ourselves. A guard is 
then set, which is relieved every two hours. This was our situation on 
the 26th inst., on the banks of the Arkansas river; and at 4 o'clock in 
the morning, just at the moment when the cattle were loosened to be 
driven out, an attack was made by about 300 Camanche Indians, who 
succeeded in " stampeding" some 350 head of stock, mostly the prop- 
erty of the government. The plan adopted by the Indians was, to 
rush on the camp, firing their guns, and uttering the most unearthly 
yells and shouts which you can imagine. This created a panic among 
the cattle, who tore off as if mad. The enemy was gallantly met by 
us. The engagement lasted about 30 minutes, in which three of our 
men were wounded, supposed mortally. Lieut. Love, who commands 
100 men, ordered out 25 of them to pursue the Indians, and, if pos- 
sible, retake the cattle. They overtook the enemy, and had a despe- 
rate engagement, in which five of our men were killed, and six wound- 
ed; three of these the doctor reports cannot live. Several h: rses 
were killed on both sides. The loss on the part of the Indians i> up- 



Battle with Camanches, continued. 

posed to be large ; they, however, as is their custom, succeeded in 
carrying off their dead. Four of our men were found scalped ; one 
poor fellow had his scalp taken off and his ears cut off whilst alive , 
on another I counted sixteen wounds, mostly made by lances. These 
Indians were accompanied by some Mexicans, and it is supposed a 
few Americans were among them — (I trust this is not the case.) We 
^all remain here until reinforced. 

The Camanches are the finest equestrians in the world. They will 
ride past at full gallop, and show our rifles no part of their bodies but 
one foot, which is hooked over the saddle ; the rest of the body being 
hid by the horse. In this position they fire under the neck of the 
horse. In form they are perfect Apollos, and are considered the 
bravest and most warlike Indians on the continent. 

When the government closes the Mexican war, it will find the pun- 
ishing of this people quite a serious affair. The Camanches will have 
no great opinion of the power of our government, until they are made 
'.o feel it. 




An Ani(rican escaping from a Mexican Prison. 




The Heroine of* Fort Brown." 



The above is a representation of a female connected with the Army, 
known as the " Heroine of Fort Brown," or " The Great Western," en- 
gaged in furnishing the thirsty soldiers with hot coffee, at the action at 
Fort Brown. To some of the artillerymen, who were unable to leave 
their guns, the beverage was carried by this " ministering angel," and, 
as may readily be believed, no " belle of Orleans," much as she might 
be admired and beloved, ever met a more gracious reception. The 
fire of the artillery was kept up almost incessantly until dinner hour, 
when the good and generous woman again provided those who were 
almost utterly exhausted and worn out, a delicious dish of bean sottp. 
She was ever to be found at her post ; her meals were always ready at 
the hour, and always " the best the market afforded." 

Interesting Incident relative to the late Captain Lincoln. 

It is said that when the news arrived of the death of Capt. Lincoln, 
the " Heroine of Fort Brown " was much affected, and fell upon a chair 
and wept like a child. " You knew the Captain well, did you not, Mrs. 
Bourdette?" said a person present. "Know him!" said she, wiping 
the big tears from her bronzed face with her greasy apron. " Know 
him ! — I did n't know any one else. It was he enlisted me six years 
ago, in Jefferson Barracks, shortly after my first husband joined tfce 
regiment — and we have lived together, that is, he has eat at my table 
all the time since. But, poor dear man, I must go and see to him this 
very night, lest them rascally greasers should strip him, and not know- 
ing him, I could not give him a decent burial." 

Off she went to the blood-stained battle-field, and sought among the 
dead and dying till she found out the corpse of the brave Captain, which 
she brought to Saltillo ar>d had decently interred. 
























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